Holocaust Remembrance Day is observed in Israel every year on the 27th of (the Hebrew month of) Nisan. It commemorates the Holocaust. The Knesset adopted the law in 1959.

Memorial Day for the assassination of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is a national day of remembrance commemorated every year on the 12th of Cheshvan in the Hebrew calendar.

Israel's national anthem, Hatikvah ("The Hope"), expresses the Jewish people's longing to return to Israel, the land of their forefathers, after 2,000 years of exile following the destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans in 70 CE.

According to the Central Bureau of Statistics, at the end of 2021, Israel had 6 873 000 Jews, 1 671 000 Muslims, 179 000 Christians, and 146 000 Druze.